A steel building frame is the skeleton of a commercial or industrial building. It is typically made up of steel columns and beams that support the roof and walls. The frame is the most important part of the structure, as it bears the weight of the entire building.
When it comes to steel building frame elements, there are three essential components: the columns, the rafters, and the girts. The columns are the vertical members of the frame and are typically made from steel I-beams. The rafters are the horizontal members of the frame and are also typically made from steel I-beams. The girts are the intermediate members of the frame that connect the columns and rafters. Girts are typically made from steel C-channel or Z- Purlin.
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There are three main types of steel building frames: rigid frame, braced frame, and space frame.
Rigid frame buildings are the most common type of steel building. They are composed of horizontal and vertical members that are welded or bolted together at their joints. The rigidity of the frame allows for a variety of wall and roofing options, as well as many different foundation possibilities.
Braced frame buildings have diagonal members that help to stabilize the structure. These buildings are often used in areas that experience high winds or earthquakes. The bracing can be either internal or external, depending on the needs of the structure.
Space frame buildings have a series of interconnected beams that create a skeletal system. This system is then enclosed with a variety of materials, such as glass, metal panels, or fabric membranes. Space frames are typically used for large-span structures, such as arenas or airport terminals.